Filing Basics

What Documents Do I Need to File My Taxes?

Before you start a tax return, it helps to gather everything in one place. This guide walks through the most common documents you'll need so you're not digging through drawers halfway through.

💡 Pro Tip: Create a simple "tax folder" (physical or digital) and drop these documents in throughout the year. When it's time to file, your work is halfway done.

👤Personal information

  • Social Security numbers (or ITINs) for you and your spouse
  • Social Security numbers for any dependents you plan to claim
  • Current address and prior-year tax return (helpful, not required)

💰Income documents

These forms report the money you earned. You may have one, or many of them:

💼Employment Income

  • W-2 from each employer (what is a W-2?)
  • 1099-NEC for freelance or contractor work
  • 1099-K for payments via platforms (gig work, payment apps)
  • 1099-MISC for other income like prizes or awards

📊Investment & Other Income

  • 1099-INT for interest from bank accounts
  • 1099-DIV for dividends from investments
  • 1099-B for stock or crypto sales
  • 1099-G for unemployment or state tax refunds
  • SSA-1099 for Social Security benefits

Not sure if something counts as income? Save the document anyway and ask a professional or your tax software.

🚀Self-employment and small business records

If you are self-employed, drive for apps, or run a side business, you'll want:

  • A summary of your income (1099 forms plus any income not reported on a form)
  • Records of business expenses (receipts, statements, logs)
  • Mileage logs if you use your car for business
  • Home office measurements and expenses (if applicable)

Good records can lower your taxable income by backing up legitimate deductions.

💸Deductions and credits: what to collect

Deductions and credits can significantly reduce what you owe or increase your refund. Common items include:

🏠 Homeownership

  • Mortgage interest statement (Form 1098)
  • Property tax bills

🎓 Education

  • Student loan interest (Form 1098-E)
  • Tuition statements (Form 1098-T)

👶 Family

  • Childcare provider statements with amounts paid and EIN/SSN

🎁 Other Deductions

  • Charitable donation receipts
  • Medical expenses (if itemizing)
  • Retirement account contributions (IRA)

🏥Health insurance information

For certain years, health coverage may affect your tax return. Keep:

  • Form 1095-A (if you used the Health Insurance Marketplace)
  • Form 1095-B or 1095-C (if provided by insurer or employer)

🏦Bank & refund details

If you're expecting a refund and want direct deposit, have:

  • Bank routing number
  • Bank account number
  • Type of account (checking or savings)

What if I'm missing something?

Don't panic. Many forms can be re-issued or downloaded:

  • Employers can reissue W-2s.
  • Banks and brokers often provide 1099s online.
  • Schools can resend tuition statements.

Ready to file?

Once you have this core set of documents, you're ready for the next step: actually filing your taxes.

Related Guides

This checklist is for educational purposes only and may not include every document needed for your specific situation.